INTERNATIONAL HUMAN TRAFFICKING
Internationally, sex trafficking was not defined until the year 2000
Before the year 2000 there were international laws to abolish sex trafficking, however with no definition they were difficult to enforce
It was defined for over 146 state parties, in Article 3 of the Palermo Protocol, by the United Nations (“UN”) Convention Against Transnational Organized Crime, it was asserted as protocol to “Prevent, Suppress and Punish Trafficking in Person, Especially
Women and Children"
It is also known as the “Palermo Protocol”
Article 3 of the Palermo Protocol defines sex trafficking and Article 5 asserts that international law sex trafficking must be criminalized as defined
Some state parties are noncompliant and have adopted domestic criminal codes that are not as broad as the sex trafficking international law established
HUMAN TRAFFICKING DEFINED BY INTERNATIONAL LAW
Trafficking Protocol defines human trafficking as “The recruitment, transportation, transfer, harbouring or receipt of
persons, by means of the threat or use of force or other forms of coercion, of
abduction, of fraud, of deception, of the abuse of power or of a position of
vulnerability or of the giving or receiving of payments or benefits to achieve
the consent of a persoon having control over another persoon, for the purpose of
exploitation. Exploitation shall include, at a minimum, the exploitation of
others or other forms of sexual exploitation, forced labour or services, slavery
or practices similor to slavery, servitude or the removal of organs”. Since the
adoption of the Trafficking Protocol a lot of states have enacted
antitrafficking laws that generally reflect this broad definition, while
international and regional organisations have adopted documents combating
trafficking in persons."
persons, by means of the threat or use of force or other forms of coercion, of
abduction, of fraud, of deception, of the abuse of power or of a position of
vulnerability or of the giving or receiving of payments or benefits to achieve
the consent of a persoon having control over another persoon, for the purpose of
exploitation. Exploitation shall include, at a minimum, the exploitation of
others or other forms of sexual exploitation, forced labour or services, slavery
or practices similor to slavery, servitude or the removal of organs”. Since the
adoption of the Trafficking Protocol a lot of states have enacted
antitrafficking laws that generally reflect this broad definition, while
international and regional organisations have adopted documents combating
trafficking in persons."
Statistics
Difficult to gather due to:
Nature of the crime
High levels of Under-reporting of the crime
Hiding of victims
Various inconsistent definitions
Little funding and unorganized guidelines for colecting data
Hesitation to share data
Human Trafficking across International Borders:
800,000- 950,000 annually (number changes annually)
An estimated 20.9 million men, women and children are
trafficked for commercial sex or forced labor around the world today
Transnational victims that are children:
50%
Transnational victims that are women and girls:
80%
Countries affected by human trafficking:
161 countries
Worldwide Human Trafficking:
27 million victims
Global value of Human trafficking:
$32 Billion